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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. D. GOTTRELL.

LET-OFF MECHANISM FOR LOOMS. No. 308.953. Patented Deo. 9, 1884.

INVENTUH.

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J. D. GOTTRELL. LET-OPF MBGHANISM F08 Loon/18.

No. 808,858. l Patented Dec. 9, 1884.

WITNEEEEE: INVENTEFM N. PETERS. Phnm-Lnhngmphur. wnshingwn. n. c.

(No Model.) Y i 3 srLeets-I-sheem.

' J. D. GOTTLRBLL.

. L-BT-OPPMEGHANISM POR LooMs. No. 808,953. Patented-Dec. 9, 1884.

,Val M Y y Darren Starts `Paritair @risica JESSE D. COTTRELL, OF CENTRALFALLS, RHODE ISLAND.

LET-OFF WZECHNHSNI FOR LOMS.

SPECIFICATION :forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,953, datedDecember 9, 1884.

' Application tiled May 2l), 1882. (No model.)

` tion.

My invention relates to the mechanism used in looms to gradually let offthe warp from the warp-beam, and is included in that class of let-oitmechanisms known as escapement let-offs.77

rlhe object of my invention is to provide an improvedautomatically-variable esca-pement let-off which shall allow thewarp-beam to ro tate through a segment of its circumferencecorresponding to the amount of warp required to be drawn from the beamat any stage of its depletion, and which shall be capable of operationunder a light tension ot` the warpthreads, thus increasing theefficiency and lessening the wear of the engaging parts of theescapement.

My invention consists in the combination of a wheel provided on its sidewith a circularlyarranged series of eqnidistant studs, and geared to thewarp-beam, with a bar arranged i'or limited movement near the i'ace ofthe studwheel, and provided with a fixed pallet and with a pawl pivotedto the bar eccentrically to the axis of the stud-wheel, the fixed palletbeing adapted to support one of the studs of ihc wheel against thetransmitted tension of the warp upon the warp-beam, and thus prevent therevolution of the stud-wheel, while the pawl is being caused to movefrom its point of contact with the bar to interior contact with one,two, or more adjacent studs by the movement of the bar in one direction,and to release the retained stud and allow the studwheel to turn for thefull limit of the former movement of the pawl from its seating-point onthe liar, when the bar is caused by the movement of thc loom to move ina reverse direction.

Figure l represents a partly-sectionall side View of a loom providedwith my improvement, and shows the relative position of the parts of thelet-off mechanism at the extreme forward beat of the lay. Fig. 2represents a partly-sectional detail view ofthe same, showing therelative position of the parts ot' the letoff mechanism when the lay isin its backward position. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are detail views of themechanism. Fig. G represents a 4partly-sectional side view of a loomprovided with a modification of my improvement. Fig. 7 is a detail viewshowing a modification of the escapement devices.

In the drawings, A represents the side frame of a loom, the breast-beambeing at A and the warp-beam at B. Secured to the warpbeam is agear-wheel, B, (shown in Fig. 3, and also shown by a dotted circle inFig. 1,) adapted to mesh with a pinion, D, placed upon the inner end ofthe shaft D, passing through bearings secured to the frame. The outerend of the shaft D carries a gear-wheel, C', which meshes with a pinion,E, capable of revolving freely upon a short stud secured to the trame ofthe loom. This gearing is shown in full lines in Fig. 3, and in dotted.Vlines in Fig. 1, but to avoid confusion is omitted from Figs. 2 and G.

To the pinion E is secured a wheel, F, having a series of equidistantpins or studs, a a ai a3, upon one side, near the edge, said pins beingadapted to engage with a pallet, I, and pivoted` pawl J, secured to thebar G, which extends diametrically across the face of the wheel F, andis supported by the slide-bearings I-I H, connected to the loom-i`rame.The bar G is provided at one end with a slot, g, through which the screwb is passed,I in order to hold the bar G to the slide-bearing H', andthe opposite end of the bar G is thinned from a shoulder, c, andreceived in the socket I-I.

To the upper side of the bar G is secured the pallet I, held to the barG by the bolt d, which may be loosened to permit the removal of thepallet for the purpose of change or repair, and to the side of the barG, at a point which lies to one side of the axis of the wheel F, ispivoted the bell-crank pawl J, the upper or vertical arm, e, of which isconnected to the arm K of the whip-roll shaft L by means of the slottedlink M. The slot in the link M serves to make provision for thewhip-roll to take up the slack of the warp, when the harness changes,without at the same time imparting movement to the pawl, the said slotpermitting of the vibration to a limitedv extent of the arm K withoutaffecting in any way the movement of the pawl. The arm N, held looselyupon a stud, N', attached to the loom-frame, and thrown forward by thetension of the coiled spring O, Fig. 3, bears at its upper end againstthe projecting point 7c on the back of the arm e of the pawl, thustending to force the pawl to the position shown in Fig. 1, and to forcethe bar Gto its extreme forward position, in which position the bar willbe held against the action of the springarm N by suitable stops, whichmay be either the shoulder c and slide-bearing H or the end of slot gand screw b.

The arm l?, which is pivoted to the frame ofthe loom at the point f, isconnected to the yarm K of the whip-roll shaft by means of theconnecting-rod Q, around which is placed the tension-spring R, held uponthe rod Q be- -tween the adjustable collar h on the rod and the bracketi, secured to the loom-frame.

To the front of the sword T of the lay is secured thelaterally-projecting stud U, which, by engagement with the lower end ofthe arm l? during the forward movement of the lay, serves to elevate thewhip-roll S, and prevent the forward movement thereof under the strainon the warp at the beat of the reed upon the weft, as shown in Fig. l.The pawl XV, pivoted to the loom-frame, engages with the teeth of wheelF, and serves to prevent backward movement from being imparted to thewheel by the action of the spring O and pawl J in the backward movementofthe bar G when weaving very light goods.

The operation of the i'nechanism will be as follows: Then the lay of theloom is in the forward position shown in Fig. l, the lever P will becarried forward by the stud U upon the lay, and the arm K of thewhip-roll shaft L, which is connected with said lever l by the rod Q,will be drawn inlo the position shown in said figure, and prevented frommoving backward under the strain exerted by the warps on the whip-roll.\Vhile said arm and the parts connected therewith are maintained in thisposition, one of the studs, as a of the wheel F, will rest on the upperside of the projection lr, formed on the lower or horizontal arm of thepawl J, which projection will also rest against the upper surface ol'the bar G. Now, when the lay is carried back by the continued movementof the cranks V to the position shown in Fig. 2, and the stud U is disVengaged from the lever l), the tension of the warp-threads will beallowed to draw the whiproll S forward, thus imparting a backwardmovement to the arm K, which movement, transmitted to the bell-crankpawl J by the slotted connecting-link M, will cause the pawl J and bar Gto move backward until the end of the pawl is drawn from under the studcof the wheel F, when the stud will drop by the slight movement of thewheel to/the upper surface of the pallet I, upon which the stud willrest during the continued backward movement of the bar G. As soon as thepawl J passes from under the spur a, the pawl will be forced to rise tocontact with the under side of the stud a by the action of the link M asthe arm K continues to move in a backward direction under the tension ofthe warp-threads.

The arm N, as before stated, is made to act against a projection, k,made at the back of the arm e of the pawl J, below the connectingpointm, for the link M, and the force of the upward movement exerted by thepawl against the studs of the wheel F may be controlled by the properlocation of the projecting point k with respect to its distance from theconnecting-point m, the upward pressure being diminished as the point lcis made nearer to the point m, and the downward pressure exerted at thepoint of the pawl on its reverse movement being increased in the sameratio. When the warp-beam is full,a sufficient quantity of warp will bepermitted to unwind by the movement of wheel F a single tooth at a time,and in such case the tension of the warp-threads will only have todrawthe bar G far enough to allow the pawl J to rise against the stud a',but when the warp-beam has become somewhat depleted and smaller indiameter the bar G must be drawn back far enough to cause the pawl J topass from under the stud a and rise into contact with the lower side ofthe'stud a, in order that a sufficient amount of warps may be unwound;and when the warp upon the beam has become nearly exhausted then thestill further backward movement of the bar G, which must be made topermit the warps to yield sufficiently at the opening of the shed of thewarp, will cause the pawl to pass from under the stud a2 and rise tocontact with the under side ofthe stud ai, as shown in Fig. 2, the studa still resting after the movement of pawl J from under the same andinto engagement with stud c, c, or ai against the pallet l, which isshown in Fig. 2, by breaking away a portion of the bar G. Nowhas thecrank V passes its back center and brings the lay toward the fell of thecloth, the change ofthe harness of the loom will slacken up thewarp-threads and allow the spring R upon rod Q to impart a backwardmovement to the whip-roll, thus allowing the bar G and pawl J to bebrought forward by the action of the spring O upon the projecting pointk on the arm e of the pawl through the arm N until the st ud a isreleased from the holding-pallet l. The end of the pawl at the same timemoves forward in the upward inclined position (shown in Fig. 2) betweenthe studs a2 and c. As soon as the bar G has progressed in its forwardmovement far enough to allow the stud a to escape from the pallet I tothe opening a in bar G, (shown in Figs. Zand 4,) the wheel F will yceaseto be held, and will be caused to revolve by thetension of thewarp-threads, and also by the action of the spring-operated armlT,which, when the movement of the bar G is arrested, tends to turn thebell-crank pawl J upon its pivot o, and thus operates to turn the WheelF in case the IOO IIC

rotation of thc wheel was not fully ei-tected by l .is4 shown in Fig. 7,in which the spring O is the tension of the warp-threads. rIhe pawl Jwill thus be brought again to the position shown in Fig. l, and thewarp-beam will have been moved through part of a revolutioncorresponding proportionately in extent with the movement ot' the wheelF. Upon every suc ceeding revolution of the crankshaft of the loom theabove-described operation of the letoft' will be repeated withuniformity. rlhe back of the arm e of the pawl above the bearing-point7c, and connecting-point m ofthe link M is curved in order to present acam surface to the action ofthe arm N when the lower or horizontal armoi said pawl J is forced to amore elevated or vertical position, whichmay be done for the purpose of clearing thc projection r oi'thepawl fromthe studs of the wheel F, to allow the wheel F to he turned by hand inorder to properly adjust the tension ofthe warp for the commencement ofweaving, and in this case the pallet r of the pawl will pass between thestuds to a position beyond the periphery of the wheel F.

A modiiication of my improved let-oit 1neehanism by which it is adaptedto the weaving of very light and iiimsy goods is shown in Fig. 6, thespecific change from the form shown in Fig. 1, andjust described,consisting simply in the removal of the stud U from the laysword T. Inthis modiiication the force ofthe beat and tension of the warpthreadscause the backward movement of the pawl J and pallet I to the positionshown in Fig. (i, which corresponds to the position represented in Fig.2, and described in connection with that view, as being assumed at thebackward movement of the lay. In the arrangement shown in Fig. as soonas the reed moves back from the weit, the slackening of the strain uponthe warpthreads will allow the whip-roll S to be moved backward by thetension ofthe spring R upon tizerod Q, thus causing the arms l and N,pawl a, and pallet I to be moved forward to a position correspondingwith that shown in Fig. 1. rIhis forward movement of the pawl J andpallet I will cause the forward movement of thc wheel F for the spaceofthe three studs a., d, and c2, or through the space of 011e, two, orthree studs, as the condition ol' the warp may at any time require. Itwill be seen that upon the removal of the stud U the timing of themovements ofthe pawl J and pallet l will be materially changed withrelation to the movement of t-he lay, so as to let oitl the warp fromthe warp-beam at an entirely different point in the movement of thecrank-shaft of the loom from that at which the warp is unwound when thedevices are arranged as shown in Figs. l and 2, and therefore under adifferent condition in the tension of the warp-threads, whichditt`erence tends to adapt the loom for light weaving.

A modification in the application ot' the spring O for moving the pawl Jand pallet I placed around a rod, N, which is jointed to the arm c oi'the pawl J at the point 7c, and is arranged to pass loosely through abearing in the stand I-I, the spring being held between the inner faceofthe stand H and the adjust able collar t upon the rod N.

- I do notl claim, broadly, the combination of an eseapement wheel witha reciprocating pallet and pawl, as such a combination is shown andclaimed in a patent granted to me April l5, 1884, No. 296,927.

Having fully described my invention, I claiml. rIlhe combination of thewarp-beam B and the wheel F, geared to the warp-beam and provided on itsside with a circular series of studs, c a aI a, with the bar G, arrangedfior a limited movement near the face of the wheel F, and provided withthe iixed pallet I and the pivoted pawl J, the whip-roll, means forconnecting said whip -roll with the pawl J, and a spring for operatingthe whip-roll in opposition to the strain ol the warp, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination of the warp-beam, a wheel provided with a circularrow of studs projecting from its side, a mechanism adapted to rotate thesame from the warp-beam, a whip.- roll, a pallet, and a pivotedbell-crank pawl, means for holding the same to the face of thestud-wheel, and mechanism for imparting a movement from the whip-roll tothe pivoted pawl in one direction, with a spring for imparting a pivotalmovement to the pawl in the opposite direction to assist in turning thestudwheel and warp-beam, substantially as described.

3. rlfhe combination of the warp-beam Band the wheel F,geared to thewarp-beam, and provided upon its side with a circular row of studs, withthe bar G. arranged for a limited movement near the face of the wheel F,the iixed pallet I and the pivoted bcll-crank pawl J, the lever N,spring O, the slotted link M, whip-roll S, whip-roll arm K,connecting-rod Q, spring Il, arm I), the lay, and stud U, subHvstantially as described.

4. rlhe combination of a warp-beam, a wheel provided with a circular rowof studs proj ecting from its side, a mechanism adapted to rotate thesaniefrom the warp-beam, a whip-roll, a pallet, and a pivoted bell-crankpawl,n1eans i'or holding the same at the face of the studwheel, amechanism for imparting a movement from the whip-roll to the pallet andpawl in one direction, with means for moving the pallet and pawl` in theoppositeV direction. and a iixed pawl for preventing the backwardmovement of the stndwheel, substantially as described.

JESSE I). COTTRELL.

Wi tnesses: A

Soonrvrns SciroLFiELD, Usern Larimer.

